Comparison Of Bureaucratic And Non Bureaucratic Organisations Commerce Essay

Comparison Of Bureaucratic And Non Bureaucratic Organisations Commerce Essay The Style of bureaucratic organization has totally different structure as compare to the non bureaucratic organizations. The bureaucratic style is preferred due to its technical style of administration but for the new and small and medium size organizations no bureaucratic style is most popular. Here are comparisons between these two: Suitability: Bureaucratic style is more suitable for large organization but for new small and medium size organization the non bureaucratic style is more suitable Utilization of Human resources : In the non bureaucratic the human resources are more effectively and efficiently used by the organization as compare to the other style. Creativity and Innovation: As the non bureaucratic organizations is more flexible environment so the more chances o creativity and innovation is in non bureaucratic as compare to bureaucratic organizations. (Stamm V B: 2008), Operational control: In the bureaucratic organizations the control command for operations are distributed while in non bureaucratic there is a centralised command of control for the operations of the organization. Time Saving: In bureaucratic organizations there is very long chain of command and when the order is given by the higher authority from top to down level it takes more time to communicate while in the non bureaucratic direct orders are given from the higher authority to the subordinates in order to get the spontaneous response. It takes less time and more time to work is devoted. Motivational level: The level of motivation is very high in non bureaucratic style because the direct orders are given from the top level and more rewards and appreciation is given by higher level to the subordinates directly while in bureaucratic style the top level has rarely communicate directly to the subordinates. (Sapru R.K: 2006) Structure: Non bureaucratic structure is more volatile as compare to the bureaucratic structure. Communication and policies and procedures: In bureaucratic there is poor level of communication while in non bureaucratic the level of communication and passing information from top to down is much quicker and faster. However, In bureaucratic style there are written documents of policies and procedures and if any problem comes they can resolve it by using that policies and procedures while it is absent in non bureaucratic organization. As in bureaucratic organizations there are more policies and procedures which are followed by the employees and they feel no freedom and less motivated environment as compare to on bureaucratic organizations where people are more motivated and more efficient to make the organization more successful. Preferred Organization: As discuss earlier that the non bureaucratic organization style is more suitable for small and medium sized organization while for higher or big organizations the bureaucratic style is more suitable. While I have seen that in non bureaucratic style the flexibility of work, communication from top to down and motivational level of the employees are high so they chase easily chase the goal of the organization. However every organization has its own style and structure and it is not easy to decide for a particular organization that which structure is best for them. After critical analysis I will choose non bureaucratic style because the motivational factor involved in it is the main point for my organization and as motivation brings innovation and creativity in the organization. As in 1995 Herzberg says During work the different factors which motivate people and different from those which create dissatisfaction **The factors which are usually involved in doing the job related to job satisfier while the factors which define the job context usually relates the job dissatisfies.** Advantages and Disadvantages: Every organization has its own style and every style has its own advantages and disadvantages. So these are as follows: Advantages of Non-Bureaucratic Organization: Non bureaucratic organization style is more flexible and easy to adopt the changes in any organization. As the authority has direct communication to the subordinates so the fast communication makes the response quicker and efficient. There is no long chain of command which saves the time and efficient use of human resources at its potential. Employees are more motivated by rewards and appreciation by the higher authorities directly which bring the innovation and creativity in any organization as the decision and working environmental are more flexible so more quicker to adopt the global changes which keeps the employees more responsive and responsible to chase the organizational objectives. As there is no long hierarchy so any employee can be given work without any time limit and position burden. So the employees can take their own initiatives and make decision in order to complete the task without waiting the higher authority permission. Disadvantages of non-Bureaucratic Organization: The main disadvantage is that the structure is very informal there are not any hard and fast rules, policies and procedures in the written form. There is lack of standardisation so the problems arise in the organization on the same issues cannot be solved so the workforce are involved to put their input to solve the problem. As the centralisation of command of control make the employees to depend only on the top authority or single person to fulfil the operations or tasks of the organization. However every new small and medium organization will look forward to be expanding in the future so this non-bureaucratic style should be changed into the bureaucratic style in order to handle the tasks and operations of the organization in more effective and efficient way. Due to the absence of proper procedures and policies in the written form sometimes its very hard for the organization to fulfil the requirements. Conclusion: According to me the non bureaucratic style has some edge over the traditional bureaucratic style as it is more flexible and easy to adopt changes in this modern style of era. Although every organization has aits own structure according to its requirements and size. Although the non bureaucratic has some disadvantages like lack of standardisation and absence of written policies and procedures but still it is suitable for the small and medium size organizations. However while choosing the style of an organization its all depend on the nature and size and the main operations which is carried out by the organization. At the end every non bureaucratic is turn into bureaucratic as it grows and capture more market shares. So in the start of any new business the non bureaucratic style is adopted while it expand than there should be written rules, policies and procedures which should be followed by the employees in order to solve the problems and to attain the major objectives and goals of any organization. This is a world of changes and future is uncertain so there should be some sort of innovation and creativity in the organization and its workforce should be satisfied with their work level and responsibilities. Thus the main purpose is to purse the organizations objectives and goals whether it is bureaucratic or non bureaucratic in style because both have their own advantages and disadvantages.

Jean Rhys Wide Sargasso Sea

WIDE SARGASSO SEA Spoiled Rose A child is a reflection of their parents becoming a product of their environment. Childhood is the most crucial stage in life, for this is when a child is most impressionable. What is experienced, felt, and taught is what shapes a child into who they will become upon entering adulthood. Antoinette (Bertha) Mason from Jean Rhy’s Wide Sargasso Sea, is victim to mental injury, forced to grow up on her own, feeling out of place without the love and care of her mother.The loneliness and hurt she felt at a young age imprisoned her to a life of unhappiness. Eventually madness took over her which mushroomed furthermore in her arranged marriage to Mr. Rochester, who unravels her already precarious mental state. He drives her to the point where Bertha decides to take her life, believing in a deluded state it is her destiny. Her tragic life reveals the importance of growing up in a stable home environment, especially in her day, and location, given her soci al status and race, growing up stable was not a basket of roses considering her circumstances.Early on, we learn of Antoinette’s family life, with the absence of her father all she has is her mother and younger brother who suffers from a learning disabled state which prevents her from bonding with him. Then there is Christophine who is their servant, a black obeah woman who becomes of great influence to her, as well as Tia her brief and only childhood friend who is of African descent. Her mother is very distant with her, only paying attention to her sick brother.Although she was not physically abused, Antoinette suffered severe emotional abuse due to un-acceptance of others as well as neglect and lack of love from her Mother, which in some cases is more harmful because it goes unnoticed until it becomes too late. According to an article exploring the nature of victim and victimizer emotional abuse is a silent attacker. â€Å"Emotional abuse (psychological abuse, verbal abuse , and mental injury) includes acts or omissions that have caused, or could cause, serious behavioral, cognitive, emotional, or mental disorders†Ã‚  (Banks).At a young age we can see Antoinette is susceptible to these symptoms. For example her mother would shove her away when shed try to get close, â€Å"calmly, coldly, without a word† as Antoinette was â€Å"useless† (Rhys 11). This lack of being loved can affect her judgment of what love truly is, because she never properly received it. According to a file in the National library of Health- NHS Evidence, Children may experience a number of different emotional disorders. Behavioral issues such as avoidance of feared activities as well as clinginess or reluctance to separate from trusted adults may arise (NHS).At a young age we can see Antoinette is susceptible to these symptoms. As she wakes up early one morning she finds her mother’s horse dead â€Å"I ran away and did not speak of it for I thought if I told no one it might not be true. †(Rhys 10) When faced with troubled situations, she runs away and in a cognitive state, she reasons with herself denying a current situation is not real. Burying her reality is a defense mechanism she has built and constantly uses into adulthood in order cope when faced with unsettling realities, distorting her perception, memory and judgment.Antoinette also grows very fond of Christophine, as she is the only one who seems to genuinely care for her, Antoinette grows attached to her, feeling a security when she has christophine around because she is the only one who respects and protects the Cosways. Additionally growing up in Jamaica just after the emancipation act of 1833 during a harsh time combating slavery and rights, Antoinette found it difficult to fit in and find some sense of identity. She was a beautiful young white skinned Creole girl, daughter to ex-slave and plantation owners, surrounded by mainly blacks and few rich whites.Althoug h she came from a wealthy background, as she grew up her mother was not financially doing well and was fairly close to losing their plantation. Evidently her and her family was despised. She was not accepted by the black community surrounding her and underwent racism having to constantly be called a â€Å"white cockroach† (Rhys 13) by the black community. The few whites in the area also frowned upon her and her family for not being of true English descent.So although she lived in a Calibri estate surrounded by beautiful nature and ocean sun filled days, on the inside she felt out of place, fearful and lonely. Her only childhood friend Tia betrayed her leaving her further damaged by stealing her clothes and pennies, while out one day swimming unsupervised. A child needs friends and interaction with others in order to communicate and be socially inclined. Things seem to turn around for Antoinette, when her mother marries Mr. Mason, a wealthy English man, who decides to stay and renovate Coulibri.Unfortunately racial tensions arose among recent freed black slaves, escalading to a protest that ends in catastrophe. Their home gets burned down with torches; her brother injured fatally passes away, leading her mother to fully manifest insanity due to the event. At this point Antoinette’s life drastically changes she is injured and sick for several weeks. She is faced with death once more by the passing of her brother and loses her mother as she becomes mentally unstable and dies; Mr. Mason abandons them leaving Jamaica while traveling.Antoinette is sent to live in a catholic convent ran by nuns. As you can imagine this was very hard for Antoinette, although she was surrounded by others she was left their isolated. In the convent she grows a fascination with death, since it is something she is used to she begins to like the dark ominous part of religion and death. I believe Antoinette suppresses all the calamities she has had to deal with till that point . Life has not been kind to her and despite of it she still manages to keep it together although she becomes a docile human being.When she finally reaches the age of seventeen Mr. Mason visits her more and finally removes her from the convent and introduces her to his English friends. Upon this happening an arranged marriage is what is in store for Antoinette. She is married to Mr. Rochester; their marriage is more like a business pact because they do not marry on the base of love. It is apparent Mr. Rochester marries Antoinette merely for her riches. She is not in love with him but do to her docile way she becomes intoxicated with the idea of Love and having a male companion.At first Mr. Rochester is amorous with Antoinette, upon finding out about her past, which he was not aware of his attitude and view towards Antoinette changes. His indifference towards her, affects her deeply as she becomes distressed. She looks to Christophine for help, who unknowingly makes the situation with herself and husband worse. Gradually Antoinette begins to drink more, making her act out violently. Alcohol distorts the mind and suppressed feelings she has kept hidden arise.The fact that her husband had no real love or apathy for her austerely depressed her and made her sick, she became emotionally unstable. Due to the era they were in, divorce was not easy to achieve. Upon marrying Mr. Rochester She basically became his property along with all of her wealth. She was trapped and depended on her husband. She had no control of her life and she was going the same route her mother went. Mr. Rochester constantly called Antoinette Bertha, which affected her because it was not what she went by, this Bertha finally manifested herself in Antoinette. Mr.Rochester’s disdain and abandonment was the climax to Antoinette’s insanity, as she was isolated and locked in an attic. Throughout her life Antoinette suffered multiple losses, her mental health got worse as she transitioned into an adult. Her mood was low and depressing, she barely ate, and she became delusional by believing in her dreams as a true reality. I think anyone in her position would go insane and prefer to die than live in such a horrible reality. As a child she had not one positive role model to look up to, primarily her mother is at fault with how Antoinette’s life came to be.She could have been a real mother and been loving and supportive towards her daughter who always needed her. Childhood is the most vital part of life; this is when a child needs to be in a positive loving environment. Otherwise a child becomes a dysfunctional part of society as an adult, causing harm to oneself or others. Due to the treatment she received as a child, she had very low self esteem and no self worth; always accepting situations when all along she could have changed her destiny, if only she was not so weak.Ironically she turned out weak just like her mother, unknowingly becoming mentally ill, lead ing to the loss of her life. The beautiful rose she was turned black as death, never fully blooming. Works cited Banks, Ron. Focus Adolescent Services. â€Å"Bullying What Parents and Teachers Should Know. † EECE Publications, Digest EDO-PS-97-17 www. focusas. com NHS, National Electronic Library for Health. â€Å"Isolation and Mental Health† http://www. library. nhs. uk/mentalhealth/ Jean Rhys, Wide Sargasso Sea (Penguin Books Ltd: Middlesex, England, 1966).

Video Gaming Technology Can Be Beneficial Essay - 1741 Words

Video Gaming Technology can be Beneficial Student’s Name Institutional affiliation Video Gaming As a concerned parent, one would easily feel coaxed to venture into analyzing every aspect of the child s welfare from a day-to-day perspective. There is a common concern over what the kids play around with as well as the impacts created upon the receiver. Similarly, the use of video gaming presents a common challenge as to whether the games are of benefit or not in the educational system. Video gaming involves the use of computers and other technology devices to access a variety of games in the format of videos. The gaming hypothesizes to offer entertainment and educational information, especially, in cases where the game covers a specific topic in the contemporary society (Squire, K. 2013). However, the current situation in the industry presents a prospective possibility of the video gaming posing a threat to the educational development. Video gaming may support the cognitive development of children and nurture the social and interpersonal traits. Video sports date back to the early stages of the 1970s. The first video game finds its place in the year 1940 during the World s Fair exhibition by the Westinghouse. The video gaming used to be a form of a computer system that portrayed a simple machine with a game plan. In the match, the players competed on avoiding the process of picking the last matchstick within the game period. However, after the first program,Show MoreRelatedPlay Station And Video Games1710 Words   |  7 PagesExecutive Summary Play Station and video games are technologies used for entertainment across all age groups all around the world. The young children aged from 5 to 10 years old occupy the largest percentage of users. Today there is wide variety of games attributed to the advancement in technology. 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With over $63 billion (Reuters, reuters.com) worth sold each year, video games are here to stay. While much controversy has arisen over the subject, video games have benefited the United States of America and its citizens to a great degree. For example, the military and CIA use gaming to train soldiers (Davidson, www.ehow.com), and classrooms use video games to teach students. The potentialRead MoreThe Ultimate Gaming Experience : Buy Their Stocks1057 Words   |  5 PagesAmirul Azim Ali PSU ID: 968395250 Title: The Ultimate Gaming Experience: Buy Their Stocks Gaming activities are significantly becoming integrated into the human’s life. According to the recent study done by Entertainment Software Association in 2015, they found out that 155 million of Americans play video games. More interestingly, four out of five US households now own a device used to play video games. That device could be computer, gaming platform and also mobile devices. This information isRead MoreVideo Games And Its Impact On The Gaming Industry916 Words   |  4 Pagesthat a gaming computer instead of a gaming console is the practical alternative. I persuade gamers to stop pouring their money into these gaming consoles, instead purchase or build a gaming computer. I will discuss how a gaming computer is a better purchase than a gaming console because of improved graphics, financial gain, upgrade compatibility, versatile controller options, game selections, learning opportunities, and alternative capabilities. You may be thinking, I’m not interesting gaming or It’s

Essay about Wrapping My Mind Around Stephen Crane’s Mind

Most authors, regardless of capability, tend to have certain themes appear throughout their different pieces of writing. An author remains the same person after each book, and that person likely feels the same way about many things, so there is certainly a chance to see themes pop up multiple times throughout the works that they have written. For example, Stephen Crane had many recurring themes within his writing. He was always focused on certain themes because his writing style revolved around these themes. The topic of the story seems to be irrelevant, because the same themes continue to appear throughout his works. Stephen Crane’s works of literature are heavily focused on death, survival and suffering. In the first place,†¦show more content†¦Crane relies on death to call out a mixture of emotions in his reader, which he uses commonly and effectively, but he also uses other tools to manipulate the reader’s emotion. Just the same way, Crane constantly has th e characters in his pieces of literature suffer due to all sorts of opposing forces. Another look at Maggie: A Girl of the Streets will reveal another theme: suffering. Maggie grows up with her father and brother taken from her by the hand of death, and she is abandoned with her abusive mother, and belligerent aggressive brother. She is beaten and neglected by her own family, and suffering from the pain and hatred that her environment is buffeting her with. She is then driven out of her home, forced to suffer in a sweat shop and as a prostitute. She then becomes seduced by Pete, the local bar tender, only to be abandoned by Pete so he can â€Å"chase another woman† (Wolford 1). Now she is suffering from a broken heart, a broken body, and a broken will, suffering in every way imaginable. No matter how hard Maggie tries, â€Å"she is ultimately unable to make a living,† and is unable to continue to endure these hardships (Wolford 1). Another story that models the topic o f suffering is An Experiment in Misery. A well of man looks down at the beggars on the streets and wonders what feelings they must have going on in their heads. Therefore, he conducts an

The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman - 876 Words

The story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman in 1891. Gilman chose the first person narrator who slowly slides to insanity as a way to protest the men’s and medical harassment against women at the time. Women’s depression considered as hysteria and popular treatment for it was a â€Å"rest cure†. Gilman was also under this treatment, when she fell into depression after giving birth to her child. This treatment drove her almost to insanity, but she found a way out of this situation, she divorced her husband, stopped â€Å"rest cure† treatment and wrote â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†. She was raising her voice to describe all problematic conditions of women who were struggling with depression. Narrator point of view plays a significant role in the story because it reveals suppression against women in the men-dominated society that can lead to a tragedy and fall of society as whole. Whole story was written as a diary of Jane who was suffering from depression after giving birth to her child. In her diary she expressed all her thoughts, worries and emotions, after her husband John decision to move to a colonial mansion for summer time to help his wife with her depression. â€Å"John is a physician, and perhaps-(I would not say it to a living soul, of course, but this is dead paper and a great relief to my mind)-perhaps that is one reason I do not het well faster†(151). She feels suppressed not only by her illness, but also by her husband John. He cared about her, but onlyShow MoreRelatedThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman885 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen a stigma around mental illness and feminism. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman in the 1900’s. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† has many hidden truths within the story. The story was an embellished version her own struggle with what was most likely post-partum depression. As the story progresses, one can see that she is not receiving proper treatment for her depression and thus it is getting worse. Gilman uses the wallpaper and what she sees in it to symbolize her desire to escapeRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman846 Words   |  4 PagesHumans are flawed individuals. Although flaws can be bad, people learn and grow from the mistakes made. Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s short story, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, gives one a true look at using flaws to help one grow. Gilman gives her reader’s a glimpse into what her life would have consisted of for a period of time in her life. Women were of little importance other than to clean the house and to reproduce. This story intertwines the reality of what the lives of woman who were considered toRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1362 Words   |  6 Pagesas freaks. In the short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, both of these elements are present. 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Women who fought the urge to be the typical stereotype were seen as having mental instabilities and were considered disobedient. The societal need for women to conform to the standards in the 1800s were very high. They were to cook, clean and teach their daughters how to take care of the men. Gilman grew up without her father and she vowedRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman999 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a story of a woman s psychological breakdown, which is shown through an imaginative conversation with the wallpaper. The relationship between the female narrator and the wallpaper reveals the inner condition of the narrator and also symbolically shows how women are oppressed in society. The story, read through a feminist lens, reflects a woman s struggle against the patriarchal power structure. 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Nutrition and Childhood Obesity Free Essays

There is a lot of talk these days about childhood obesity and why it seems that today’s children are more overweight than the previous generations. The fact of the matter is that we live in time where things are constantly changing such as our jobs, the way we spend our time, and the way that we look. Obesity has been a major issue for many years in the United States. We will write a custom essay sample on Nutrition and Childhood Obesity or any similar topic only for you Order Now Children as well as adults suffer from obesity and the rates are increasing every year. Obesity can be a result of heredity, overeating, psychological disorders, other medical conditions, etc. but no matter what the cause is, it can lead to other problems. One out of five children in American schools are obese due to poor school lunch, fast food restaurants, and sedatary lifestyle without exercise and lack of parental involvement. Adult and childhood obesity have increased substantially in the last 30 years. Currently, 31% of adults and 18% of children are obese, as defined by their body mass index (BMI). One of the main factor that is causing obesity in children, is the quality of food in our school systems. School cafeterias are serving canned foods with high sugar content, fried chicken nuggets and soda machines in the hallway. The meals that are currently available to our children are not healthy enough to eat. . The school cafeteria are feeding children food that has high amount of fat and carbohydrate content, not to mention the vending machines that are stocked with potato chips,candy,soda and baked goods that are loaded with high calories and sodium. The children need full course nutritious meals to help them function in class and keep their energy levels high. In order for our children to make healthier choices, the products in the vending machine should be replaced with snacks such as fruit, crackers, raisins and yogurt which are all healthy alternative. What I also see as a major contributor to obesity in children and adults is Fast Food Restaurants. Today people are so busy and they just aren’t taking the â€Å"time† that’s needed to prepare a healthy dinner. People are constantly on the go, and find it very convenient to pick up a Whopper at Burger King or a Hot Dog from Sonic. The Fast Food Restaurants are a billion dollar industry and a quick fix for people on the go. The convenience of the fast food industry allows working people to gather food for their family, when they are in a time crunch. The people view this as a time saver, but in reality, they are harming themselves and their family by not cooking healthy meals. The calories and high fat content in fast-food helps American to gain weight faster, also leads to health problems that include heart problems, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and stroke to avoid these problems as American we need to stop eating out and try to prepare healthy meals at home with organic food or regular food like in previous times. In my opinion they need to replace some of these restaurants with healthy organic restaurants around the world to eliminate some of this epidemic in obesity to keep Americans living longer. Another reason that our children are obese is that our children tend to stay inside and play video games and watch television for hours on end, rather than stepping outside and having fun or exercising. In many schools throughout the United States, there has been a decrease in the amount of free play or physical activity that children receive during school hours. Only about one-third of elementary children have daily physical education, and less than one-fifth have extracurricular physical activity programs at their schools. In order to live a well-rounded healthy lifestyle physical activity should be incorporated into a child’s daily activities. Exercise helps children build strong bones and muscle and helps fight against obesity. Parental involvement in the prevention of childhood obesity is very important. The problem is that many parents don’t fully understand the problem themselves nor have a good understanding of what it takes to start your child off right with a healthy life. Parent involvement is very important in the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity. The positive influence helps to teach the child healthy behaviors that will help them to make healthy food choices. Teaching your child healthy eating habits is one of the basic and easiest childhood obesity prevention tips. When your child knows the importance of eating proper amounts of food, drinking enough water and then playing well, you won’t have to bother about obesity at all. Parent has to become involved by monitoring their children’s eating habits. The parents can prepare healthy meals by eliminating bad fats from their children’s diets. The parents could prepare lunch using meats lean meats and products low in fat and salt like ham, turkey, fish and chicken, while make sure that they are not forcing them to eat too much. Childhood obesity prevention, can start by preparing delicious foods such as French fries, potato skins, pizzas, nachos, desserts, etc. , at home, to keep them from overeating these foods from outside. Kids get tempted to eat junk very easily, and in order to control this, prepare these meals at home so you won’t have to bother about junk cravings! Last but not least, we need to address all these programs out-hear that is associated with weight loss; weight is approved for safe weight loss by the food and Drug Administration, weight loss supplement is a joke. Some companies advertise all these weight loss programs that do not work on Americans but getting rich off the poor and wealthy, â€Å"pills and diet plans promising to help shed pounds in days have made the weight loss industry more than $62 Billion a year business. The Doctors knows some of the plans don’t work but they don’t care all they see is a dollar sign in front of their face, as Americans we need to educate our self on what plan works for use not what others say. In today society as Americans we need not to listen to some of the Doctor or advertisement, we will be in some much debt about time you realize that you are broke and some of these diet plans didn’t work at all. In my opinion as American we need to do this plan the old fashion way without medication to help use loss weight. (1) Cardio is the key work keep the hearting pumping in-order to loss the weight (2) weight-train help you to get tone and burn fat. (3) Swimming is the best exercise because it works all the muscle (4) Eat six times a day, morning meal, snack, lunch, snack, dinner, snack How to cite Nutrition and Childhood Obesity, Papers

Report for Evaluation of Students Attitudes Fast Food Industry

Question: Describe about An Report for Evaluation of Students Attitudes towards the Fast Food Industry and its impact upon Health? Answer: Introduction The introduction of this chapter belonged to the data gathered and analysing the same in order to get the suitable findings from the market. The attitude of the student was believed as the qualitative information of the recent students towards the fast food industry. The chapter would provide the analysis of the attitude of the students towards the fast food as well as the reaction of the fast food on their health due to consuming fast food. The chapter would make the analysis regarding the sentiment of the students towards the fast food recently using the suitable research model. The analysis would be based on the descriptive statistics as well as the inferential analysis. Additionally, the chapter would provide a clear direction towards the attitude of the students and their health condition due to consuming the fast foods. Model of research The model of the research would be based on the description fo the data gathered through the survey that was conducted for this study. In the meantime, the main subjective matter was finding the attitude of the students towards the fast foods and linking with the various objectives of the study. There will be descriptive model for conducting the analysis of the study while the research would make the inferential analysis for testing the health issues by predicting the nature of the students attitude towards health issues related to the fast foods and calories. The inferential model was as followed: Y (health) = beta + f(caloric health) + f(recommended calories) + f(count of calorie) + f(influence of nutrition) + f(weight) The above model was predictive model analysed using the present data of the students and their desire whereas the calorific value of the foods could imply as the issue of unhealthy or weight of the human body. Descriptive analysis Descriptive Statistics N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation How frequently do you consume fast food per week 114 0 6 1.48 1.264 On what days are you most likely to consume fast food 215 1 7 5.11 1.689 At what time of the day are you most likely to consume fast food 157 1 5 3.51 1.035 Do you ever consume fast food when you are drunk 111 1 4 2.58 .815 Do you ever consume Fast Food because you are drunk 112 1 2 1.21 .412 Which one of the statements below do you agree with most 110 1 5 2.99 1.317 Do you anticipate eating a different amount of fast food in five years of time 111 1 3 2.66 .495 Valid N (listwise) 110 Table 1: Descriptive analysis of consumption of fast food information of the students Frequency of fast food consumption: Figure 1: Histogram of fast food consumption timing From the above diagram and the table, we could see that students had low frequency of consuming fast foods. The mean of the respondents responses showed that only 1.48 days per week, the average numbers of visiting fast food centres or they consume the same. It was also found that deviation between the responses of the students in this regard was 1.264. The description of the table showed that the maximum numbers of consuming the fast foods by the student was 6 whereas the minimum consumption was only 0. However, the mean value showed that majority of the students did not consume fast food many times in a week and the consumption rate was low too. Days of fast food consumption Figure 2: Days of fast food consumption The students normally consume the foods on Saturday as observed through the above histogram. However, the mean value of the visiting day of the fast food centres or the consumption days of the students indicated that the students used to take fast food on Friday. The deviation between the values was low enough to consider the consistent responses from the survey. The responses from the survey showed that majority of the students had considered to consume fast foods on Saturday however, the data gathered from the overall analysis showed that Friday would be the required day as per the empirical evidence of consuming the fast foods. Timing of consuming the fast food Figure 3: Time of consumption The majority of the students liked to consume the fast food at the time of evening of the day. They also prefer the evening and the diner time for consuming the fast food 6-9 pm. However, they also like to eat fast food at the unusual time such as midnight or the early morning of the day after getting awake from their sleep. The deviation of the consumption timing of the fast foods by the students could be found from the table as 1.035. Therefore, it could be said that the change in timing of consuming the fast foods was after the evening mainly while the students avoided the daytime for consuming the fast foods. The description of the typical attitude of the students was to take fast food during drunk situation as seen from the survey. The average students had indicated that occasionally they consume the fast food when they were drunk. Only the seven participants said that they avoid the fast foods after drinking the alcohol. Further, it was also found that the participants had consumed fast food due to having alcohol in their blood. They used to like the fast foods after or at the time of alcohol consumption. The majority of the students had claimed that they were aware of the right amount of fast foods. They also claimed that they did not consume overcapacity fast foods on daily basis. However, the majority of the students had reduced the amount of fast food consumption on daily basis as claimed by them in the survey. The average spending of the students for the fast food per week had been estimated as 45 while the deviation between the spending of the students was too high. There were som e students who used to spend 1500 per week whereas some of them spent as low as 7 per week. The daily household expenditure on rent was the highest for the students as depicted from the survey. However, it was also found that daily foods, alcohol and travelling had significant expenditure for them for every month. They did not spent much money for consuming fast food as the score was the fifth highest among other attributes. However, the taste of the food had the highest priority for the students as they had preferred in the survey. The speed of serving the foods and familiarity with the same was scored at the bottom level in the list. Price of the food was another preference for selecting the food item for the students. mean s.d. Spending on foods 45.36 205.39 Table 2: Spending on fast foods items expenditure wise rank factors Importance Alcohol 4.48 Price 3.87 Travel 4.77 Taste 4.88 Rent 5.95 Speed 3.13 Fast food 3.89 Familiarity 3.03 General food 5.69 Location 3.48 Clothes 4.09 F16s me up 2.61 Cigarettes 3.09 Table 3: Expenses and important wise expenditure rank Health issues: Descriptive Statistics N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation Can you tell me about how interested you are in eating healthily 111 1 5 3.41 .977 Do you know what a calorie is 112 1 3 1.57 .887 Are calories unhealthy 110 1 4 2.95 1.039 How many calories are recommend for you per day 108 0 4000 1882.87 657.955 Do you calorie count 111 1 3 2.30 .566 Where do you receive information about the nutritional / health qualities of fast food 199 1 7 4.66 1.587 Do you read the nutritional information in fast food outlets 112 1 3 1.98 .910 Does it influence your food choice 112 1 3 2.06 .701 About weight 112 1 3 1.64 .517 Valid N (list wise) 108 Table 4: Description of health issues in fast food consumption The majority of the students tried to consume the healthy foods and some of them were too conscious to consume the healthy foods always. Only handful of the people were not interested or specific about their eating habits as they were not health conscious much. However, the low deviation from the participants survey, we could find that much of the students were rich in consuming the healthy foods. Majority of the students were aware of calorie of the food. From their point of view, calorie might be unhealthy for the consumers as well as it might help them to boost up the energy during their work. Thereby, majority of the health conscious people in the survey did not vote calorie as the intent of ill health for them. The majority of the students have voted nearby to 2000 calorie per day for them to enhance their working capacity while the mean of per day consumption of calorie was 1882.87 while the mean value was deviated by 650 calorie. Thereby, the survey result found that maximum s tudents used to consume 1200 to 2500 calorie per day [including men and women] except for some different cases. However, majority of the students did not count their calorie consumption on per day basis. The students gained the information on nutrition level of the food consumption through media and internet. However, they did not bother about the information provided with the fast food outlet about the nutrition level of some of the specific foods. They had also depicted that information in the outlets did not influence their selection of fast food at all. The weight of the students was found to be alright as they felt themselves fit with their food habit. Inferential analysis: Correlations Can you tell me about how interested you are in eating healthily Are calories unhealthy How many calories are recommend for you per day Do you calorie count Does it influence your food choice About weight Pearson Correlation Can you tell me about how interested you are in eating healthily 1.000 .859 -.007 .767 .780 .752 Are calories unhealthy .859 1.000 -.011 .790 .733 .806 How many calories are recommend for you per day -.007 -.011 1.000 .047 -.039 .028 Do you calorie count .767 .790 .047 1.000 .777 .601 Does it influence your food choice .780 .733 -.039 .777 1.000 .696 About weight .752 .806 .028 .601 .696 1.000 Sig. (1-tailed) Can you tell me about how interested you are in eating healthily . .000 .472 .000 .000 .000 Are calories unhealthy .000 . .456 .000 .000 .000 How many calories are recommend for you per day .472 .456 . .314 .344 .385 Do you calorie count .000 .000 .314 . .000 .000 Does it influence your food choice .000 .000 .344 .000 . .000 About weight .000 .000 .385 .000 .000 . N Can you tell me about how interested you are in eating healthily 108 108 108 108 108 108 Are calories unhealthy 108 108 108 108 108 108 How many calories are recommend for you per day 108 108 108 108 108 108 Do you calorie count 108 108 108 108 108 108 Does it influence your food choice 108 108 108 108 108 108 About weight 108 108 108 108 108 108 Table 5: Correlation of Health consciousness among the students The students, participated in the survey, were highly calorie conscious as the correlation between the same was .859. Further, calorie counting of the students found to be highly correlated with the healthy eating habit. The healthy eating habit was highly correlated with weight of the students as well as with the influence of selecting the food items. However, the recommended calories for their daily consumption was negatively correlated with the major items of the health consciousness of the students. Influence of food choice for the students had medium correlation with their weight as seen in the correlation matrix. Regression analysis Model Summaryb Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate Durbin-Watson 1 .890a .792 .782 .445 .247 a. Predictors: (Constant), About weight, How many calories are recommend for you per day, Do you calorie count, Does it influence your food choice, Are calories unhealthy b. Dependent Variable: Can you tell me about how interested you are in eating healthily Table 6: Regression summary ANOVAa Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. 1 Regression 76.982 5 15.396 77.730 .000b Residual 20.204 102 .198 Total 97.185 107 a. Dependent Variable: Can you tell me about how interested you are in eating healthily b. Predictors: (Constant), About weight, How many calories are recommend for you per day, Do you calorie count, Does it influence your food choice, Are calories unhealthy Table 7: ANOVA analysis of healthy food habit From the table 6, we could see that the predictability of the model was high as the value of R2 was .792 could predict the 80% of the health issues regarding the fast food consumption. The F ratio value was achieved from the table 7: ANOVA analysis, where we could see the significance of testing of the model. The value of the Durbin Watson test yielded positive correlation between the residuals as it was nearby to the 0. The regression points had higher mean square value than that of the residuals indicating the strong prediction from the used model in this case. Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t Sig. 95.0% Confidence Interval for B B Std. Error Beta Lower Bound Upper Bound 1 (Constant) .552 .230 2.404 .018 .097 1.008 Are calories unhealthy .457 .092 .499 4.960 .000 .275 .640 How many calories are recommend for you per day -8.320E-008 .000 .000 -.001 .999 .000 .000 Do you calorie count .193 .149 .114 1.299 .197 -.102 .489 Does it influence your food choice .349 .112 .253 3.108 .002 .126 .572 About weight .206 .160 .106 1.281 .203 -.113 .524 Table 8: Coefficients of regression The t value of the analysis was found to be significant for coefficient of the regression. The usage of calorie per day was found insignificant for the model as it did not show any significant value in this case. However, the query of ill health due to calories in the fast food was considered to be the highest influential factor for the health issues. The prediction equation through regression test might be as followed: Y (Health issues) = .552 + .457 * calorie + .193 * counting calorie + .349 * influence on food choice + .206 * about weight The equation was built out of calorie recommendation due to its insignificant approach towards the health issues of the students. Figure 4: Residual diagram Conclusion The previous chapter of analysis provided the information regarding the fast food consumption by the students as well as the health issues due to consuming the fast foods. The attitude of the students was found not consuming fast foods on daily basis. They maintained a certain level of restriction in consuming the fast foods in their daily routine. Additionally, the students had reduced their fast food consumption habit much in the last five years. The health issue of the students for consuming the fast foods maintaining the calorific values was found to be not maintained much among them. Their food habits did not reflect the calorific value of consumption while predicting the healthy consumption of fast foods. Linking with the objectives: Linking with objective 1: To analyse current data on the health implications of fast food The analysis of current data of on fast food for understanding the health issues among the students was being made using the surveyed data. The primary data was used in this case to get the current information regarding the attitude of the students and their sentiment towards the fast food. Linking to objective 2: To critically analyse marketing campaigns the fast food industry use to target students The marketing campaigns of the food companies were failed to attract the students towards the fast foods as the negative impact of those types of foods were too much. The spending on fast foods was low enough from the point of view of spending on other issues of daily life. Additionally, the companies tried to target the students to sell more to generate more revenue; however, it was empirically proved that the companies were not able to lure them much about their products in the due course of recent days. Linking to objective 3: To analysis current student knowledge of the fast food industry and its impact upon health The knowledge of the students about the fast food and its impact on the health was at the satisfactory level. They used to gather information from the media and internet regarding the fast food industry and its impact on the health. Additionally, they had the idea of calorific value of the fast food that helped them to adjust their calorific requirement on daily basis. The students gathered the information from the current sources from the internet as well as from the current articles. This system had made them aware of the current development in the nutrition level of the fast foods. The impact of the fast foods on their health was also retrieved from the market by them and they follow the strict discipline accordingly. Linking to objective 4: To explore a link between the fast food industry with obesity and diabetes rates The health issues related to the fast foods consumption were found to be under controlled as the students were much aware of the side effect of the fast foods. The negative impact of the fast foods was high as stated in the current study. Thereby, the students used to consume lesser fast foods and their expenditure on the same was low too. the rate of the diabetes and obesity due to fast food was not found among the students as they did not affected much from these types of diseases due to their young age. Recommendations It was recommended to the firms to enhance the food value as well as the calorific value of the fast foods for attracting the students as they were well aware of these information. The firms might attract the students in this way. Further, they must reduce the side effect of the fast foods. Thereby, they must employ steady research on providing the students fast foods sourced from the organic elements. In viewpoint of students knowledge regarding the fast food and its impact on the health, the recommendation was to guide the students from communal service as well as from the students. They must took part in the seminars on the fast foods and its impact on the human body to grow their knowledge. The fast food had the link with the obesity and diabetes as discussed and hyped issues in the health sector of the world. However, the students did not feel that much as they were very young in age. Therefore, it was recommended to them to change their perception of consuming fast foods after drinking alcohol. They must change their perception of the fast foods as the organic sources might not harmful due to having different style of production and genre.